Genetics Vocabulary: Genotype and Phenotype
A Grade 10 science worksheet covering key genetics vocabulary, including genotype, phenotype, alleles, homozygous, and heterozygous.
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Genetics Vocabulary: Genotype and Phenotype
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Read each question carefully and provide your best answer. This worksheet will test your understanding of key genetics vocabulary.
1. The observable physical characteristics of an organism are called its .
2. The genetic makeup of an organism, consisting of the alleles it carries, is known as its .
3. Different forms of a gene are called .
4. An individual with two identical alleles for a particular trait is described as .
5. An individual with two different alleles for a particular trait is described as .
1. Which of the following best describes a dominant allele?
An allele that is always expressed when present.
An allele that is only expressed when two copies are present.
An allele that is hidden by a recessive allele.
An allele that determines the sex of an organism.
2. If a pea plant has the genotype Tt (where T is tall and t is short), what is its phenotype?
Tall
Short
Medium height
Unable to determine
1. A recessive allele is always expressed, even if only one copy is present.
True
False
2. Genotype refers to the physical appearance of an organism.
True
False
1. Explain the difference between homozygous and heterozygous genotypes.
2. Provide an example of a genotype and its corresponding phenotype for a simple Mendelian trait.
The image below illustrates the basic structure of DNA, which carries the genetic information (genotype) that ultimately determines an organism's traits (phenotype).
1. How does the structure of DNA relate to the concept of alleles?
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