Causation and Correlation Worksheet
Explore the difference between causation and correlation with this Grade 11 math worksheet, featuring various scenarios and critical thinking questions.
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Topics
Causation and Correlation
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Date:
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Read each question carefully and determine whether the scenario describes causation, correlation, or neither. Provide explanations for your answers where prompted.
1. Which of the following best describes a causal relationship?
Two variables move in the same direction.
One variable directly influences another variable.
Two variables are statistically associated.
An increase in one variable leads to a decrease in another.
2. A study shows that ice cream sales and drowning incidents both increase in the summer months. This is an example of:
Causation
Correlation
Both causation and correlation
Neither causation nor correlation
3. Correlation always implies causation.
True
False
4. A confounding variable is a hidden variable that affects both the independent and dependent variables, creating a spurious correlation.
True
False
5. A relationship exists when one event is the result of the occurrence of another event.
6. When two variables tend to change together, but one does not necessarily cause the other, they are said to be .
7. Describe a scenario where there is a strong correlation between two variables, but no causation. Explain your reasoning.
8. Explain how a well-designed experiment can help establish causation.
For each scenario below, identify whether it describes causation, correlation, or neither. Justify your answer.
9. Scenario: As the number of hours spent studying increases, a student's test scores tend to increase.
Causation/Correlation/Neither:
Justification:
10. Scenario: The number of storks in Europe is correlated with the birth rate in Europe.
Causation/Correlation/Neither:
Justification: