Correlation vs. Causation Worksheet
Explore the difference between correlation and causation with real-world examples and statistical concepts for Grade 11 students.
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Correlation vs. Causation
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Read each question carefully and provide thoughtful answers. Distinguish between correlation and causation in the given scenarios.
1. Which of the following best describes a causal relationship?
Two variables change together.
One variable directly influences another.
A third variable affects both observed variables.
There is a statistical association between two variables.
2. High ice cream sales are often observed with an increase in shark attacks. This is an example of:
Causation
Correlation
Both correlation and causation
Neither correlation nor causation
1. If two variables are correlated, it always means one causes the other.
True
False
2. A confounding variable can create the appearance of a causal relationship where none exists.
True
False
1. When two variables move in the same direction, they have a correlation.
2. To establish causation, one must typically perform a controlled .
1. Explain the difference between correlation and causation in your own words. Provide an example for each.
2. Describe a scenario where two variables are correlated but there is no direct causal link. What might be a confounding variable in your example?