Prokaryotic Cell Structure and Function
Explore the fundamental characteristics, structures, and functions of prokaryotic cells, including their diversity and importance.
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Prokaryotic Cell Structure and Function
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Read each question carefully and provide your best answer. For multiple-choice questions, circle the letter corresponding to your chosen answer.
1. Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
Presence of a membrane-bound nucleus
Lack of ribosomes
Circular DNA in the cytoplasm
Presence of mitochondria
2. Which of the following structures is responsible for protein synthesis in prokaryotes?
Nucleoid
Cell wall
Ribosomes
Capsule
3. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, such as the and .
4. The genetic material of a prokaryote is typically found in a region called the .
5. All prokaryotic cells have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan.
True
False
6. Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that can replicate independently of the main bacterial chromosome.
True
False
7. Briefly describe the primary function of the bacterial flagellum.
8. Explain how the capsule contributes to the pathogenicity of some bacteria.
Match each prokaryotic structure with its primary function.
9. Cell membrane
a. Genetic material storage
10. Nucleoid
b. Regulates passage of substances
11. Pili
c. Attachment to surfaces
12. Ribosomes
d. Protein synthesis
13. Label the following diagram of a generalized prokaryotic cell: