Amino Acid Fundamentals
A Grade 12 science worksheet covering the structure, classification, and function of amino acids, including peptide bond formation and protein structure.
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Standards
Amino Acid Fundamentals
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Read each question carefully and answer to the best of your knowledge. Show all your work for calculations.
1. Which of the following is the defining functional group of an amino acid?
Hydroxyl group (-OH)
Carboxyl group (-COOH) and Amine group (-NH2)
Methyl group (-CH3)
Phosphate group (-PO4)
2. Which type of bond links amino acids together to form a polypeptide chain?
Ionic bond
Hydrogen bond
Peptide bond
Disulfide bond
3. Amino acids are the building blocks of .
4. The unique side chain, or R-group, determines the specific of each amino acid.
5. The process of joining two amino acids involves a reaction, releasing a molecule of water.
6. Describe the general structure of an amino acid. What are the four main components attached to the central carbon atom?
7. Explain the difference between essential and non-essential amino acids. Provide an example of each.
8. All 20 common amino acids have the same R-group.
True
False
9. Peptide bonds are formed by hydrolysis reactions.
True
False
Use the words below to complete the sentences.
10. At physiological pH, amino acids exist in a form, meaning they have both positive and negative charges.
11. Amino acids with nonpolar R-groups are generally and tend to be found in the interior of proteins.