Macromolecules: The Building Blocks of Life
Explore the four major classes of macromolecules essential for life: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, and their structures and functions.
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Macromolecules: The Building Blocks of Life
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Read each question carefully and answer to the best of your ability. Show all your work for short answer questions.
1. Which of the following elements is NOT typically found in all four major classes of macromolecules?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
2. The primary function of carbohydrates in living organisms is:
Genetic information storage
Long-term energy storage
Quick energy source and structural support
Catalyzing biochemical reactions
3. The monomers that make up proteins are called .
4. DNA and RNA are examples of , which store and transmit genetic information.
5. Lipids are characterized by their insolubility in water, making them .
6. Saturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds between carbon atoms in their hydrocarbon chain.
True
False
7. The unique sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain represents its primary structure.
True
False
Match each macromolecule class with its primary function.
8. Carbohydrates
a. Genetic information storage
9. Lipids
b. Energy storage, insulation, and cell membranes
10. Proteins
c. Quick energy and structural components
11. Nucleic Acids
d. Catalysis, transport, structural support
12. Describe the process of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis in the context of macromolecule formation and breakdown.
13. Compare and contrast the structure and function of DNA and RNA.