Resonance Structures: Grade 12 Chemistry
A worksheet for Grade 12 Chemistry students covering the fundamentals of resonance structures, including drawing Lewis structures, identifying delocalized electrons, and understanding resonance hybrids.
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Resonance Structures: Grade 12 Chemistry
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Read each question carefully and provide detailed answers. Show all your work for drawing Lewis and resonance structures.
1. Define resonance structures and explain why they are necessary to accurately represent the bonding in certain molecules or ions.
2. In a resonance structure, only the and electrons are moved, while the positions of the remain constant.
3. The actual structure of a molecule or ion that exhibits resonance is a , which is an average of all contributing resonance structures.
4. Resonance structures are not in equilibrium with each other; they are merely different ways of drawing the same molecule.
True
False
5. Draw all possible resonance structures for the carbonate ion (CO₃²⁻). Indicate formal charges and use curved arrows to show electron movement between structures. Then, draw the resonance hybrid.
6. Which of the following molecules or ions exhibits resonance?
H₂O
CH₄
SO₂
NH₃
7. Explain how resonance contributes to the stability of a molecule or ion. Provide an example.