Observation and Inference in Science

Observation and Inference in Science

Read each question carefully and provide your best answer. Distinguish between observations (what you perceive) and inferences (your interpretations).

1. In your own words, define 'observation' in a scientific context. Provide an example.

2. In your own words, define 'inference' in a scientific context. Provide an example that differs from your observation example.

Look at the image of the microscope below. Then, list three observations and three inferences you can make based on the image.

Observations:

Inferences:

Indicate whether each statement below is an observation or an inference.

1. The beaker contains a clear, colorless liquid.

2. The plant is wilting because it has not been watered.

3. The temperature of the solution increased by 5°C after adding the catalyst.

Read the following scenario and answer the questions.

Scenario: A scientist observes a petri dish containing bacteria. She notices that a clear ring has formed around one of the antibiotic discs.

1. What is an observation the scientist made?

2. What is a possible inference the scientist could make based on this observation?

3. Explain why it is important to distinguish between observation and inference in scientific research.