DNA Transcription and Translation Worksheet
Explore the fundamental processes of DNA transcription and translation in this Grade 9 science worksheet, covering mRNA synthesis and protein formation.
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DNA Transcription and Translation
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Read each question carefully and answer to the best of your ability. Use complete sentences where appropriate.
1. What is the primary purpose of transcription?
To synthesize proteins from amino acids.
To replicate DNA for cell division.
To create an mRNA copy of a gene.
To break down glucose for energy.
2. Which molecule carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome?
tRNA
rRNA
DNA
mRNA
3. During transcription, the enzyme synthesizes an RNA strand complementary to a DNA template.
4. The process of translation occurs in the of the cell.
5. A sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid is called a .
6. Briefly explain the main difference between transcription and translation.
7. RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA in the 3' to 5' direction.
True
False
8. Each codon codes for only one specific amino acid.
True
False
Match the term with its definition.
9. Codon
a. The process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.
10. Translation
b. A three-nucleotide sequence on mRNA.
11. Anticodon
c. The process of synthesizing mRNA from DNA.
12. Transcription
d. A three-nucleotide sequence on tRNA that pairs with a codon.
13. If a DNA template strand has the sequence 3'-TAC GGC ATA-5', what would be the sequence of the mRNA strand produced during transcription?
Use the words below to complete the sentences.
14. During translation, molecules bring specific amino acids to the .
15. The links amino acids together to form a polypeptide chain.