Soil Horizons Worksheet

Soil Horizons Worksheet

Read each question carefully and answer to the best of your ability. Refer to the diagram of soil horizons as needed.

1. The uppermost layer of soil, primarily composed of organic matter, is known as the   horizon.

2. The process where water carries dissolved nutrients and minerals downwards through soil layers is called  .

3. The   horizon is often referred to as the 'subsoil' and accumulates clay, iron, and aluminum from above.

4. Partially weathered parent material makes up the   horizon.

1. Which soil horizon is characterized by a significant amount of humus and is typically dark in color?

2. Which of the following horizons is primarily composed of bedrock?

1. The O horizon is always present in every soil profile.

2. The B horizon is also known as the topsoil.

1. Briefly describe the main characteristics of the A horizon and its importance for plant life.

2. Explain the difference between illuviation and eluviation, and in which soil horizons these processes primarily occur.