Soil Profile Exploration
Explore the layers of a soil profile and understand their characteristics and composition with this Grade 9 science worksheet.
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Soil Profile Exploration
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Date:
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Read each question carefully and answer to the best of your ability. Refer to the provided diagram where necessary.
Observe the soil profile diagram below:
1. Which soil horizon is primarily composed of organic matter like decaying leaves and humus?
A Horizon
B Horizon
O Horizon
C Horizon
2. Which horizon is often referred to as the 'subsoil' and accumulates leached minerals and clay?
O Horizon
A Horizon
B Horizon
R Horizon
3. The uppermost layer of soil, rich in organic matter, is called the horizon.
4. Weathered parent material, with little to no organic matter, is characteristic of the horizon.
5. The R horizon is also known as bedrock.
True
False
6. The E horizon is typically darker than the A horizon due to a higher concentration of humus.
True
False
Match each soil horizon with its primary characteristic.
7. O Horizon
a. Zone of accumulation (subsoil)
8. A Horizon
b. Loose and partially decayed organic matter
9. B Horizon
c. Topsoil, rich in humus and minerals
10. C Horizon
d. Partially weathered parent material
11. Briefly explain the process of eluviation and illuviation in the context of soil horizons.
12. Why is the O horizon important for soil fertility and ecosystem health?
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