Grade 11 Biology: Stress Response

Grade 11 Biology: Stress Response

Read each question carefully and provide thorough answers. Refer to your knowledge of the human endocrine system and physiological responses to stress.

1. Which of the following hormones is primarily responsible for the 'fight or flight' response?

2. The long-term stress response primarily involves the release of which hormone from the adrenal cortex?

1. The   nervous system is activated during the acute stress response, leading to rapid physiological changes.

2. Prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol can suppress the   system, making an individual more susceptible to illness.

3. The primary organ responsible for releasing stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol is the   gland.

1. Describe three immediate physiological changes that occur in the body during the 'fight or flight' response.

2. Explain the difference between acute stress and chronic stress, and provide an example of each.

1. The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for initiating the 'fight or flight' response.

2. Cortisol helps to increase blood glucose levels during stress.

The diagram below illustrates the physiological pathways involved in the human stress response.

Based on the diagram and your understanding, identify and briefly describe the role of two different endocrine glands involved in the stress response.